"겔폰드-슈나이더 정리"의 두 판 사이의 차이

수학노트
둘러보기로 가기 검색하러 가기
9번째 줄: 9번째 줄:
 
<h5 style="line-height: 3.428em; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(34, 61, 103); font-family: 'malgun gothic', dotum, gulim, sans-serif; font-size: 1.166em; background-image: ; background-color: initial; background-position: 0px 100%;">겔폰드-슈나이더 정리</h5>
 
<h5 style="line-height: 3.428em; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(34, 61, 103); font-family: 'malgun gothic', dotum, gulim, sans-serif; font-size: 1.166em; background-image: ; background-color: initial; background-position: 0px 100%;">겔폰드-슈나이더 정리</h5>
  
겔폰드-슈나이더 (1934)
+
(정리) 겔폰드-슈나이더, 1934
  
<math>\alpha \ne 0</math>,<math>\alpha \ne 1</math>,<math>\beta\notin \mathbb{Q}</math> 인 복소수 <math>\alpha</math>와 <math>\beta</math> 가 대수적수이면, <math>\alpha^{\beta} =\exp\{\beta \log \alpha\}</math> 는 초월수이다.
+
<math>\alpha \ne 0</math>,<math>\alpha \ne 1</math>,<math>\beta\notin \mathbb{Q}</math> 인 복소수 <math>\alpha</math>와 <math>\beta</math> 가 대수적수이면, <math>\alpha^{\beta} =e^{\beta \log \alpha</math> 는 초월수이다.
  
 
 
 
 
36번째 줄: 36번째 줄:
 
* <math>e^\pi=(e^{i\pi})^{-i}=(-1)^{i}</math><br>
 
* <math>e^\pi=(e^{i\pi})^{-i}=(-1)^{i}</math><br>
 
*  겔폰드 슈나이더 정리를 적용하면, 초월수임이 증명.<br>
 
*  겔폰드 슈나이더 정리를 적용하면, 초월수임이 증명.<br>
 +
 +
 
  
 
 
 
 
48번째 줄: 50번째 줄:
 
 
 
 
  
<h5 style="line-height: 3.428em; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(34, 61, 103); font-family: 'malgun gothic', dotum, gulim, sans-serif; font-size: 1.166em; background-image: ; background-color: initial; background-position: 0px 100%;">상위 주제</h5>
+
 
  
 
 
 
 
 +
 +
<h5 style="line-height: 3.428em; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(34, 61, 103); font-family: 'malgun gothic', dotum, gulim, sans-serif; font-size: 1.166em; background-image: ; background-color: initial; background-position: 0px 100%;">역사</h5>
 +
 +
* 힐버트 7번 문제
 +
* 1934년 해결
 +
* [[수학사연표 (역사)|수학사연표]]
  
 
 
 
 
56번째 줄: 64번째 줄:
 
 
 
 
  
==== 하위페이지 ====
+
 
  
* [[1964250|0 토픽용템플릿]]<br>
+
<h5 style="line-height: 3.428em; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(34, 61, 103); font-family: 'malgun gothic', dotum, gulim, sans-serif; font-size: 1.166em; background-image: ; background-color: initial; background-position: 0px 100%;">관련된 항목들</h5>
** [[2060652|0 상위주제템플릿]]<br>
 
  
 
 
 
 
65번째 줄: 72번째 줄:
 
 
 
 
  
<h5 style="line-height: 3.428em; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(34, 61, 103); font-family: 'malgun gothic', dotum, gulim, sans-serif; font-size: 1.166em; background-image: ; background-color: initial; background-position: 0px 100%;">재미있는 사실</h5>
+
<h5 style="line-height: 3.428em; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(34, 61, 103); font-family: 'malgun gothic', dotum, gulim, sans-serif; font-size: 1.166em; background-image: ; background-color: initial; background-position: 0px 100%;">수학용어번역</h5>
 +
 
 +
* http://www.google.com/dictionary?langpair=en|ko&q=
 +
* [http://mathnet.kaist.ac.kr/mathnet/math_list.php?mode=list&ftype=&fstr= 대한수학회 수학 학술 용어집]<br>
 +
** http://mathnet.kaist.ac.kr/mathnet/math_list.php?mode=list&ftype=eng_term&fstr=
 +
* [http://kms.or.kr/home/kor/board/bulletin_list_subject.asp?bulletinid=%7BD6048897-56F9-43D7-8BB6-50B362D1243A%7D&boardname=%BC%F6%C7%D0%BF%EB%BE%EE%C5%E4%B7%D0%B9%E6&globalmenu=7&localmenu=4 대한수학회 수학용어한글화 게시판]
  
 
 
 
 
71번째 줄: 83번째 줄:
 
 
 
 
  
<h5 style="line-height: 3.428em; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(34, 61, 103); font-family: 'malgun gothic', dotum, gulim, sans-serif; font-size: 1.166em; background-image: ; background-color: initial; background-position: 0px 100%;">많이 나오는 질문과 답변</h5>
+
<h5 style="line-height: 3.428em; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(34, 61, 103); font-family: 'malgun gothic', dotum, gulim, sans-serif; font-size: 1.166em; background-image: ; background-color: initial; background-position: 0px 100%;">사전 형태의 자료</h5>
  
* 네이버 지식인<br>
+
* [http://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%EA%B2%94%ED%8F%B0%EB%93%9C-%EC%8A%88%EB%82%98%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%94_%EC%A0%95%EB%A6%AC http://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=겔폰드-슈나이더_정리]
** http://kin.search.naver.com/search.naver?where=kin_qna&query=
+
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelfond%E2%80%93Schneider_theorem http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelfond–Schneider_theorem]
** http://kin.search.naver.com/search.naver?where=kin_qna&query=
+
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilbert's_problems
** http://kin.search.naver.com/search.naver?where=kin_qna&query=
+
 
** http://kin.search.naver.com/search.naver?where=kin_qna&query=
+
* http://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/
** http://kin.search.naver.com/search.naver?where=kin_qna&query=
+
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
 +
* http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=
 +
* [http://dlmf.nist.gov/ NIST Digital Library of Mathematical Functions]
 +
* [http://www.research.att.com/~njas/sequences/index.html The On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences]<br>
 +
** http://www.research.att.com/~njas/sequences/?q=
  
 
 
 
 
 
<h5 style="line-height: 3.428em; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(34, 61, 103); font-family: 'malgun gothic', dotum, gulim, sans-serif; font-size: 1.166em; background-image: ; background-color: initial; background-position: 0px 100%;">관련된 고교수학 또는 대학수학</h5>
 
  
 
 
 
 
88번째 줄: 102번째 줄:
 
 
 
 
  
<h5 style="line-height: 3.428em; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(34, 61, 103); font-family: 'malgun gothic', dotum, gulim, sans-serif; font-size: 1.166em; background-image: ; background-color: initial; background-position: 0px 100%;">관련된 다른 주제들</h5>
+
<h5 style="line-height: 3.428em; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(34, 61, 103); font-family: 'malgun gothic', dotum, gulim, sans-serif; font-size: 1.166em; background-image: ; background-color: initial; background-position: 0px 100%;">관련논문</h5>
  
 
+
* http://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=
 
+
* http://dx.doi.org/
* [[수학사연표 (역사)|수학사연표]]
 
  
 
 
 
 
102번째 줄: 115번째 줄:
 
** http://book.daum.net/search/contentSearch.do?query=
 
** http://book.daum.net/search/contentSearch.do?query=
 
*  도서검색<br>
 
*  도서검색<br>
** http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_ss_gw?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=
+
** http://books.google.com/books?q=
 +
** http://book.daum.net/search/mainSearch.do?query=
 
** http://book.daum.net/search/mainSearch.do?query=
 
** http://book.daum.net/search/mainSearch.do?query=
  
 
 
 
 
  
<h5 style="line-height: 3.428em; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(34, 61, 103); font-family: 'malgun gothic', dotum, gulim, sans-serif; font-size: 1.166em; background-image: ; background-color: initial; background-position: 0px 100%;">참고할만한 자료</h5>
+
 
 +
 
 +
<h5 style="line-height: 2em; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px;">관련링크와 웹페이지</h5>
 +
 
 +
 
  
 
* [http://www.math.sc.edu/~filaseta/gradcourses/Math785/main785.html Transcendental number theory]<br>
 
* [http://www.math.sc.edu/~filaseta/gradcourses/Math785/main785.html Transcendental number theory]<br>
 
** Michael Filaseta's Lecture notes
 
** Michael Filaseta's Lecture notes
 
** [http://www.math.sc.edu/~filaseta/gradcourses/Math785/Math785Notes8.pdf The Gelfond-Schneider Theorem and Some Related Results]
 
** [http://www.math.sc.edu/~filaseta/gradcourses/Math785/Math785Notes8.pdf The Gelfond-Schneider Theorem and Some Related Results]
* [http://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%EA%B2%94%ED%8F%B0%EB%93%9C-%EC%8A%88%EB%82%98%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%94_%EC%A0%95%EB%A6%AC http://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=겔폰드-슈나이더_정리]
 
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelfond%E2%80%93Schneider_theorem http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelfond–Schneider_theorem]
 
* http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=
 
* http://front.math.ucdavis.edu/search?a=&t=&c=&n=40&s=Listings&q=
 
* http://www.ams.org/mathscinet/search/publications.html?pg4=AUCN&s4=&co4=AND&pg5=TI&s5=&co5=AND&pg6=PC&s6=&co6=AND&pg7=ALLF&co7=AND&Submit=Search&dr=all&yrop=eq&arg3=&yearRangeFirst=&yearRangeSecond=&pg8=ET&s8=All&s7=
 
* 다음백과사전 http://enc.daum.net/dic100/search.do?q=
 
* [http://mathnet.kaist.ac.kr/mathnet/math_list.php?mode=list&ftype=&fstr= 대한수학회 수학 학술 용어집]
 
* [http://navercast.naver.com/science/list 네이버 오늘의과학]
 
 
 
 
 
<h5 style="line-height: 3.428em; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(34, 61, 103); font-family: 'malgun gothic', dotum, gulim, sans-serif; font-size: 1.166em; background-image: ; background-color: initial; background-position: 0px 100%;">관련기사</h5>
 
 
*  네이버 뉴스 검색 (키워드 수정)<br>
 
** http://news.search.naver.com/search.naver?where=news&x=0&y=0&sm=tab_hty&query=
 
** http://news.search.naver.com/search.naver?where=news&x=0&y=0&sm=tab_hty&query=
 
** http://news.search.naver.com/search.naver?where=news&x=0&y=0&sm=tab_hty&query=
 
** http://news.search.naver.com/search.naver?where=news&x=0&y=0&sm=tab_hty&query=
 
** http://news.search.naver.com/search.naver?where=news&x=0&y=0&sm=tab_hty&query=
 
  
 
 
 
 
138번째 줄: 137번째 줄:
 
<h5 style="line-height: 3.428em; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(34, 61, 103); font-family: 'malgun gothic', dotum, gulim, sans-serif; font-size: 1.166em; background-image: ; background-color: initial; background-position: 0px 100%;">블로그</h5>
 
<h5 style="line-height: 3.428em; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(34, 61, 103); font-family: 'malgun gothic', dotum, gulim, sans-serif; font-size: 1.166em; background-image: ; background-color: initial; background-position: 0px 100%;">블로그</h5>
  
* 구글 블로그 검색 [http://blogsearch.google.com/blogsearch?q=%EA%B2%94%ED%8F%B0%EB%93%9C%EC%8A%88%EB%82%98%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%94 http://blogsearch.google.com/blogsearch?q=겔폰드슈나이더]
+
*   <br>
* 트렌비 블로그 검색 http://www.trenb.com/search.qst?q=
+
* 구글 블로그 검색 [http://blogsearch.google.com/blogsearch?q=%EA%B2%94%ED%8F%B0%EB%93%9C%EC%8A%88%EB%82%98%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%94 http://blogsearch.google.com/blogsearch?q=겔폰드슈나이더]<br>
 
 
 
 
 
 
<h5 style="line-height: 3.428em; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(34, 61, 103); font-family: 'malgun gothic', dotum, gulim, sans-serif; font-size: 1.166em; background-image: ; background-color: initial; background-position: 0px 100%;">이미지 검색</h5>
 
 
 
* http://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&search=
 
* http://images.google.com/images?q=
 
* [http://www.artchive.com/ http://www.artchive.com]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
<h5 style="line-height: 3.428em; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(34, 61, 103); font-family: 'malgun gothic', dotum, gulim, sans-serif; font-size: 1.166em; background-image: ; background-color: initial; background-position: 0px 100%;">동영상</h5>
 
 
 
* http://www.youtube.com/results?search_type=&search_query=
 
 
* <br>
 
* <br>

2009년 12월 18일 (금) 16:01 판

이 항목의 스프링노트 원문주소

 

 

겔폰드-슈나이더 정리

(정리) 겔폰드-슈나이더, 1934

\(\alpha \ne 0\),\(\alpha \ne 1\),\(\beta\notin \mathbb{Q}\) 인 복소수 \(\alpha\)와 \(\beta\) 가 대수적수이면, \(\alpha^{\beta} =e^{\beta \log \alpha\) 는 초월수이다.

 

 

Comments

  • In general, \(\alpha^{\beta} = \exp\{\beta \log \alpha\}\) is multivalued, where "log" stands for the complex logarithm. This accounts for the phrase "any value of" in the theorem's statement.
  • An equivalent formulation of the theorem is the following: if\(\alpha\) and \(\gamma\) are nonzero algebraic numbers, and we take any non-zero logarithm of \(\alpha\), then\((\log \gamma)/(\log \alpha)\) is either rational or transcendental.
  • If the restriction that \(\beta\) be algebraic is removed, the statement does not remain true in general (choose \(\alpha=3\) and \(\beta=\log 2/\log 3\), which is transcendental, then \(\alpha^{\beta}=2\) is algebraic). A characterization of the values for \(\alpha\) and \(\beta\) which yield a transcendental \(\alpha^{\beta}\) is not known.

 

(wikipedia 의 Gelfond–Schneider theorem 페이지에서)

 

 

겔폰드 상수
  • \(e^\pi\) 를 겔폰드 상수라 함
  • \(e^\pi=(e^{i\pi})^{-i}=(-1)^{i}\)
  • 겔폰드 슈나이더 정리를 적용하면, 초월수임이 증명.

 

 

겔폰드-슈나이더 상수
  • \(2^{\sqrt2}\)
  • 겔폰드 슈나이더 정리를 적용하면, 초월수임이 증명.

 

 

 

 

역사

 

 

 

관련된 항목들

 

 

수학용어번역

 

 

사전 형태의 자료

 

 

 

관련논문

 

관련도서 및 추천도서

 

 

관련링크와 웹페이지

 

 

 

블로그