핵자기공명 양자 컴퓨터

노트

말뭉치

1. The quantum states are probed through the nuclear magnetic resonances, allowing the system to be implemented as a variation of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
2. NMR differs from other implementations of quantum computers in that it uses an ensemble of systems, in this case molecules, rather than a single pure state.
3. Initially the approach was to use the spin properties of atoms of particular molecules in a liquid sample as qubits - this is known as liquid state NMR (LSNMR).
4. This approach has since been superseded by solid state NMR (SSNMR) as a means of quantum computation.
5. NMR systems have been well studied for over 50 years now.
6. We will focus on liquid state solution NMR techniques.
7. How does this NMR Quantum Computer look like?
8. In their Research Article, Gershenfeld and Chuang (2) propose the use of a much less exotic system—nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) of molecules in a room-temperature solution.
9. Of course, solution NMR was used in the 1950s to study equally small molecules, yet today we study proteins with thousands of spins.
10. If an NMR quantum computer were ultimately scalable to larger numbers of qubits (say 100), the implications for computational science would be exciting.
11. There is doubt, however, that solution NMR quantum computing will ever be useful.
12. The result is a novel NMR computer that can be programmed much like a QC, but in other respects more closely resembles a DNA computer.
13. Most notably, when applied to intractable combinatorial problems, an NMR computer can use an amount of sample, rather than time, which grows exponentially with the size of the problem.
14. In this paper, we consider another physical mechanism that is capable of computation, namely NMR spectroscopy.
15. Other researchers have proposed implementing an atomic-scale QC by NMR and analogous physical mechanisms (e.g., refs.
16. A few years ago, it was found that nuclear magnetic resonance, or NMR, spectroscopy provides a means of combining many of the best features of DNA and quantum computing.
17. Following the common practice in NMR spectroscopy, we shall now use the word "spin" to refer to an ensemble of chemically equivalent single spins, each in a different molecule of the sample.
18. This is known in NMR as the INEPT pulse sequence.
19. Via Fourier transform techniques, an NMR implementation of an ensemble quantum computer is also able to simultaneously measure many expectation values in the single spectrum.
20. Quantum-assisted NMR spectroscopy checked all the boxes since the readings, called a spectrogram, are put together by measuring a complex set of quantum spins.
21. The NMR machine reads those spins as different signatures.
22. We use seven spin-1/2 nuclei in a molecule as quantum bits11,12, which can be manipulated with room temperature liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance techniques.
23. A proof of principle for the algorithm for two qubits is provided using a liquid state NMR quantum computer.
24. The simulation of pattern recognition conducted by the CT researchers was evaluated with a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer (NMR) at the TU München.
25. We point out that some molecules solved in isotropic liquid are well isolated and thus they can also be employed for studying open systems in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) experiments.
26. Crossover from Markovian to non-Markovian relaxation was realized in one NMR experiment, while relaxation like phenomena were observed in approximately isolated systems in the other.
27. We demonstrate the implementation of several quantum logic gates through one- and two-dimensional NMR methods, using transition- and spin-selective pulses.
28. Finally, we discuss the implementation of the Deutsch–Jozsa algorithm using NMR.
29. NMR has an unusual place among the prospective approaches for manipulating quantum information.
30. In NMR quantum computation, qubits are stored in the orientation of nuclear spins, which have very long coherence times.
31. The most distinctive feature of NMR quantum computing is that a qubit is stored, not in a single underlying degree of freedom, but in about 1022 redundant copies.
32. Since the Zeeman splitting between nuclear spin states is a tiny fraction of the thermal energy in room-temperature NMR systems, the quantum state of the spins is very highly mixed.
33. The solid-state NMR quantum computer, which employs nuclear spins in solids (mainly semiconductors) as quantum bits (qubits), is among the most promising schemes for scalable quantum computers.
34. This discovery is expected to help advance the progress in research and development of solid-state NMR quantum computers.
35. Some methods which are currently being explored for implementing quantum computation are ion traps, quantum dots, cavity quantum electrodynamics, and NMR (nuclear Magnetic resonance).
36. Our group, under the direction of Dr. Isaac Chuang, is focusing on the technique of NMR Quantum Computation.
37. These electrons can then be used to transfer their polarization to the nuclei of xenon to test the NMR signal.
38. Eventually the xenon polarization will be transferred to the molecules used to perform NMR quantum computations.
39. Multiple quantum (MQ) NMR is an effective tool for the generation of a large cluster of correlated particles, which, in turn, represent a basis for quantum information processing devices.
40. The interplay of MQ NMR spin dynamics and the dimensionality of the space embedding the spins has been probed in materials with quasi-one-dimensional distributions of spins by Yesinowksi et al.
41. This model is the first exactly solvable model in MQ NMR for a system with a macroscopic number of coupled spins.
42. The theoretical description of MQ NMR dynamics is a very difficult task because this is a many-spin and MQ problem.

메타데이터

위키데이터

• ID : Q847019

Spacy 패턴 목록

• [{'LOWER': 'nuclear'}, {'LOWER': 'magnetic'}, {'LEMMA': 'resonance'}]
• [{'LOWER': 'nmr'}]
• [{'LOWER': 'nuclear'}, {'LOWER': 'magnetic'}, {'LOWER': 'resonance'}, {'LOWER': 'quantum'}, {'LEMMA': 'computer'}]
• [{'LEMMA': 'nmrqc'}]